Development, integration, and operation of computer systems to support issuance and management of digital keys and digital certificates by and to third parties; Certificate transparency (CT) log services, namely, providing electronic logs that record digital certificates issued by publicly trusted certificate authorities, allowing identification of mistakenly or maliciously issued certificates for computer security purposes; Computer security services, namely, maintaining a cryptographically assured, publicly auditable, append-only record of digital security certificates, to which third parties may submit certificates, and which can be queried by third parties to verify that the log is correct or to verify that a particular certificate has been logged; Managed public key infrastructure services, namely, authentication, issuance, and validation of digital keys and digital certificates; Issuance of digital keys and digital certificates for authentication; Computer security services, namely, providing digital keys and digital certificates that authenticate the identity of websites and secure information sent using Secure Socket Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS) technologies